How to control rodents in pig farms

24 September 2025 - News

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How to control rodents in pig farms

Rodent management within livestock farms is among the most difficult challenges, even for the most experienced professionals. Pig farms, in particular, offer conditions that favor the proliferation of mice and rats. Their presence has significant repercussions on animal health and wellness, productivity, and management costs.

Why rodents are a problem in pig farms

Rodents are indeed responsible for transmitting pathogens to pigs: salmonellosis, leptospirosis, trichinosis, toxoplasmosis, and encephalomyocarditis. These diseases can spread through contact with excreta or via airborne transmission through infected aerosol. In particular, transmission can occur through the contamination of feed intended for pigs—such as cereals, raw materials, or compound feed—caused by rodent feces and urine. In such cases, feed loss can also be significant. Moreover, some pathogens can also be transmitted to humans, with serious consequences for food safety.

Damage to structures and management costs

In addition to the health risk, rodents damage insulating materials, electrical equipment, and infrastructure. When rodent populations become large, problems for both animals and people increase. As a result, the farm experiences productivity losses and higher management costs.
topo in una mangiatoia di un allevamento zootecnico
topo in un distributore di mangimi per animali d'allevamento
Figure 1 and 2 – the possibility of contamination of the feed available to pigs is a concrete risk, as shown in these images: on the left, a black rat feeding in a trough; on the right, a black rat that managed to penetrate directly into the feeder of a pig farm.

Rodent species present in pig farms

The species found in farms are mainly synanthropic ones, whose distribution affects livestock facilities worldwide. The most widespread is the Black Rat (Rattus rattus), highly skilled at climbing, which mainly colonizes the upper parts and the roof, moving along pipes and suspended cables. The Brown Rat (Rattus norvegicus) is also often present, but it tends to inhabit areas at ground level or below. For example, it is frequently found in pits beneath cages equipped with grating. The House Mouse (Mus musculus) is found mainly in storage areas and spaces adjacent to the farms, such as electrical cabins.

Integrated rodent management strategies

The serious consequences caused by the presence of rodents in pig farms can be mitigated by adopting an integrated management plan within the biosecurity protocol. Naturally, there is no single technique that, when applied alone, can deliver significant results. Instead, it is necessary to adopt a set of measures and actions capable of contributing to the achievement of a management objective. In one word, it is about defining a strategy.

Limit the availability of food, water, and shelter

Limiting the availability of resources means reducing the environmental carrying capacity for rodents. Better feed management and the removal of accumulated pallets or beams, where rodents can take shelter, also make direct control techniques based on traps and rodenticidal baits more effective.

Reduction of entry points

The implementation of preventive measures aimed at preventing rodents from entering and settling inside the facility is essential. These measures include: structural maintenance, sealing cracks and openings, installing anti-intrusion nets or other physical barriers (e.g., seals for doors and gates).

Inspections and monitoring activities

To identify food sources, nesting sites and rodent entry points, it’s important to carry out thorough inspections and detect signs of rodent activity. In situations where populations are particularly abundant, it’s possible to observe individuals in activity, also through the use of camera traps or video cameras.

Development of a management plan

A good rodent management plan must be specifically tailored to the farm: it is necessary to take into account environmental conditions, the rodent species present, and the level of infestation in order to choose the most suitable techniques and materials to be used both inside and outside the facility.

iQ® bait stations and traps for rodent monitoring

Bell Laboratories has designed the iQ® system for remote rodent control and monitoring. Thanks to the integrated sensors, it is possible to collect data on rodent activity and movements. With an integrated battery, proprietary sensors and antenna, all resistant to water and weather conditions, inspection work for Pest Control Operators (PCOs) becomes faster.

The Bell Sensing App, which gathers the data collected from the iQ® devices, allows operators to optimize interventions thanks to data visualization (for example, number of captures, bait consumed, etc.). The operator can determine when to add rodenticide bait or relocate bait stations by reviewing the data collected and available on their device.

Additionally, the application is synchronized with a web portal from which metrics and analyses on captures and rodent activity can be extracted, along with technician intervention reports, and where pest control operations can be planned and managed.

Erogatore di esca per topi con tecnologia integrata iQ

Protecta Evo Pulse Mouse iQ®

Mouse bait station with integrated iQ® technology

erogatore di esca per ratti con tecnologia integrata iQ

Protecta Evo Pulse Rat iQ®

Rat bait station with integrated iQ® technology

Trapper® 24/7 iQ

Trapper® 24/7 iQ®

Multiple‑catch trap that does not require opening at each inspection.

trappola a scatto per la cattura dei roditori

Trapper T-Rex iQ®

Snap trap for rodent capture with integrated iQ® technology.

Trapper mouse iQ

Trapper Mouse iQ®

New compact iQ® mouse trap. Ideal for the tightest spaces.

Five effective products against rodents in pig farms

In rodent control, there is no single product that can deliver significant results on its own. However, it is possible to adopt certain techniques which, when integrated with the measures described in points 1, 2, and 3 of the previous section, allow for a clear reduction of the existing population — more or less substantial depending on environmental conditions and on how consistently these measures have been implemented.

Brocum fioccato

Rodenticide bait made from flaked cereals, containing 25 ppm brodifacoum. It has three key characteristics:

a) high palatability, due to the cereal toasting process, which transforms starches into sugars, making the bait more attractive than the cereals themselves;

b) lower toxicity, thanks to the reduced amount of active ingredient (25 ppm) compared to traditional formulations (50 ppm);

c) high effectiveness, even in the presence of individuals resistant to anticoagulant rodenticides

ratto nero avvelenato da esca rodenticida

Figure 3: black rat poisoned with Brocum flaked rodenticide and now near death in a pig farm.

Talon Gel

Gel bait, particularly palatable and effective, also based on brodifacoum. In addition to the normal action exerted after ingestion, it can be placed in such a way that rodents smear themselves with it, thereby ingesting the active ingredient during their habitual grooming activities as they lick their fur.

Squit bait station

Bait station specifically designed to hold traditional baits, gel baits, and flaked baits. It allows the bait to be housed safely, enabling rodent entry while at the same time protecting it from domestic or wild animals.

Protecta® EVO Ambush™

Bait station designed to ensure effective and safe rodent control. Equipped with a single locking mechanism for quick maintenance and a removable tray to simplify cleaning. The station is robust enough to provide a high level of tamper resistance.

T-Rex Trap

Highly effective snap trap capable of instantly killing rodents. To overcome rodents’ innate neophobia, it can be used for a few days in ‘safe’ mode, placing the bait at the back while keeping the trap unset. After verifying that rodents are regularly consuming the bait, the trap can be set, allowing a high number of captures from the very first day.

24 September 2025 - News

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